Compare two or three quotations on one mileage, date and horizon. Purchase and resale assumptions remain yours; the engine keeps acquisition, finance, energy, road tax and terminal equity separate.
Purpose and methodology
Economic cost is net cash outflow plus opening equity minus closing equity. A bought-and-sold car also reconciles as purchase price minus sale proceeds plus fees, running costs and financing cost. Loan principal, depreciation and terminal value are each counted once.
Fictional worked example
The example compares invented BEV, HEV and petrol quotations over five years at 12,000 km a year. Its S$0.3478/kWh home-tariff input is the GST-inclusive July–September 2026 household reference—not a public-charging price.
Frequently asked questions
Does this automatically choose the best car?
No. It identifies a lower modelled cost under entered values and shows assumptions that could change the ordering.
Will EEAI or VES be deducted again from an all-in quote?
No. An all-in quote is preserved; only complete verified component mode produces a separate statutory illustration.
What if I have no home charging?
Set the home billed-energy share to 0% and make the four visible shares total 100%.
How does PHEV avoid double counting?
Total distance is partitioned into electric and petrol distance before either energy formula runs.
Limitations
This is a neutral comparison of entered scenarios, not a vehicle recommendation or a forecast of dealer prices, resale values or approval. Unknown future incentive periods never reuse 2027 values; used-car rebates must be checked under the applicable Tool 4 PARF regime.
Dated official sources
All rules were verified 10 September 2026; each official page remains authoritative for its effective dates.